Airborne observations identify major source of US landfill methane emissions
Science & Technology

Airborne observations identify major source of US landfill methane emissions

A team has found via testing from airplanes that landfill work faces tend to be responsible for the biggest share of methane emissions in U.S. landfills. Their findings are published in the journal Environmental Science and Technology. The researchers are from Carbon Mapper, a California nonprofit dedicated to finding ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, Arizona State University and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The primary gas causing climate change is carbon dioxide. This is due mainly to the sheer volume of the gas being pumped into the atmosphere. Methane actually insulates more heat than carbon dioxide but has received less attention due to lower overall emissions. Still, environmentalists have been growing more concerned about the gas as more sources of it have been found in recent years. In this new effort, the research team focused their efforts on methane emissions from landfills. Landfills tend to...
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NASA Nighttime Images Reveal Arctic Industrial Activity
Science & Technology

NASA Nighttime Images Reveal Arctic Industrial Activity

The Arctic, once defined by its frozen, inhospitable climate and long winter nights, is experiencing dramatic transformations as the region warms almost four times faster than the global average. This rapid warming has spurred increased industrial activity and development, changes now illuminated in striking detail by nighttime satellite observations. An international team of researchers, leveraging data from the U.S. Defense Meteorological Satellite Program, has discovered that artificial lighting in the Arctic increased by 5 percent annually between 1992 and 2013. Over this 21-year span, 234,000 square miles of the Arctic landscape transitioned from dark to lit.Nighttime lights in the Arctic from 1992 to 2013. The Arctic became 5 percent brighter per year over the study period as industrial activities have increased.Wanmei Liang/Akandil, C., et al. 2024/NASA Earth Observatory "Only 15 percent of the lit-up areas of the...
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Atmos Space Cargo appoints Garver as strategic adviser
Science & Technology

Atmos Space Cargo appoints Garver as strategic adviser

WASHINGTON — European startup Atmos Space Cargo, a developer of reentry vehicles, has brought on board a former NASA deputy administrator to help the company enter the U.S. market. Atmos announced Dec. 10 that it appointed Lori Garver to its advisory board. Garver, who served as deputy administrator of NASA from 2009 to 2013, is a longtime advocate for commercial space activities, including her time as deputy administrator when NASA was starting the commercial crew program. “NASA’s plan to reduce space transportation costs by leveraging private investment was never about supporting a single company or sector,” she said in a statement. “Lowering the barrier to entry for commercial space projects was designed to stimulate a range of activities in the space domain, and life sciences research has always been of particular interest to me.” Sebastian Klaus, chief executive...
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Researchers create nanostructured 2D gold monolayers
Science & Technology

Researchers create nanostructured 2D gold monolayers

Researchers at Lund University and Hokkaido University have achieved a significant advancement in nanomaterial engineering by creating nearly freestanding nanostructured two-dimensional (2D) gold monolayers. This development has the potential to transform various fields, including catalysis, electronics, and energy conversion. Gold is a noble metal that forms solid three-dimensional (3D) structures, can exhibit extraordinary properties when in its 2D form, such as unique electronic behaviors and increased surface reactivity, which could lead to groundbreaking applications in catalysis and advanced electronic devices. One of the primary challenges in producing 2D gold monolayers is stabilizing isotropic metallic bonds. To overcome this problem, the research team utilized a novel bottom-up approach complemented by high-performance computations. This innovative method allowed them to produce macroscopically large gold monolayers characterized by unique nanostructured patterns, high thermal stability, and promising catalytic capabilities. The team successfully grew these...
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