Inside Mars, a ‘rocky road’ mantle reveals a violent past
A giant collision in Mars’ early history created a global magma ocean and buried large fragments of debris deep within the young planet. As Mars cooled, it formed a solid crust — eventually becoming a stagnant lid that trapped heat and slowed the planet’s internal motion. Credit: Vadim Sadovski / Imperial College London
Get the Popular Science daily newsletter💡 Breakthroughs, discoveries, and DIY tips sent every weekday.Don’t let the appetizing description fool you. When planetary scientists say the interior of Mars resembles a rocky road brownie more than a piece of buttery shortbread, the tasty metaphor masks billions of years of geological violence. In a re-examination of previous observations collected by NASA’s decommissioned InSight probe, researchers have discovered that the Martian mantle is embedded with ancient fragments measuring as much as 2.5 miles wide. The...